OT
OT (Operational Technology) refers to technologies used to monitor and control industrial processes.
What is OT?
OT is the set of technologies used to monitor and control industrial processes, including SCADA systems, PLCs and control systems.
Components
Control Systems
- SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
- PLCs: Programmable Logic Controllers
- DCS: Distributed Control Systems
- HMI: Human Machine Interface
Networks
- Industrial Ethernet: Industrial Ethernet
- Fieldbus: Field networks
- Wireless: Wireless networks
- Legacy: Legacy systems
Devices
- Sensors: Sensors
- Actuators: Actuators
- Controllers: Controllers
- Gateways: Gateways
Differences with IT
IT vs OT
| Aspect | IT | OT |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Information processing | Process control |
| Availability | 99.9% | 99.99% |
| Updates | Regular | Limited |
| Security | Cybersecurity | Operational security |
Integration
- IT-OT Convergence: IT-OT convergence
- Industrial IoT: Industrial Internet of Things
- Edge Computing: Edge computing
- Digital Twin: Digital twin
Security
Threats
- Cyberattacks: Cyber attacks
- Espionage: Industrial espionage
- Sabotage: Process sabotage
- Terrorism: Cyber terrorism
Controls
- Segmentation: Network segmentation
- Monitoring: Security monitoring
- Backup: System backups
- Recovery: Recovery plans
Standards
Security
- IEC 62443: Industrial system security
- NIST SP 800-82: Industrial security guide
- ISA/IEC 62443: Control system security
- ISO 27001: Security management system
Communications
- IEC 61850: Substation communications
- Modbus: Communication protocol
- DNP3: Communication protocol
- OPC UA: Unified OPC architecture
Implementation
Phase 1: Analysis
- Inventory: System inventory
- Risks: Risk assessment
- Requirements: Requirements analysis
- Resources: Required resources
Phase 2: Design
- Architecture: Architecture design
- Security: Security design
- Networks: Network design
- Monitoring: Monitoring design
Phase 3: Implementation
- Deployment: System deployment
- Configuration: System configuration
- Testing: Functionality testing
- Training: Staff training
Phase 4: Operation
- Monitoring: Continuous monitoring
- Maintenance: System maintenance
- Updates: System updates
- Improvement: Continuous improvement
Best Practices
Security
- Segmentation: Segment networks
- Monitoring: Monitor continuously
- Backup: Backup systems
- Recovery: Recovery plans
Operations
- Procedures: Operational procedures
- Training: Staff training
- Monitoring: Process monitoring
- Maintenance: Preventive maintenance
Management
- Policies: Security policies
- Procedures: Security procedures
- Audits: Security audits
- Improvement: Continuous improvement
Related Concepts
- IT - Related concept
- NetOps - Related concept
- Networking - Related concept
- Routers - Related concept
- Switches - Related concept
- Firewall - Related concept
- VPN - Related concept
- NPM - Related concept
- Dashboards - Related concept
- Logs - Related concept
- Network Metrics - Related concept
- CISO - Related concept