SLA (Service Level Agreement) is an agreement that defines expected service levels between a provider and a client.
What is SLA?
SLA is a formal agreement that defines expected service levels, including metrics, responsibilities and consequences of non-compliance.
Components
Metrics
- Availability: Percentage of available time
- Performance: Response time
- Capacity: Service capacity
- Quality: Service quality
Responsibilities
- Provider: Provider responsibilities
- Client: Client responsibilities
- Third parties: Third-party responsibilities
- Escalation: Escalation procedures
Consequences
- Penalties: Non-compliance penalties
- Bonuses: Compliance bonuses
- Termination: Contract termination
- Mediation: Mediation procedures
SLA Types
By Level
- Service Level: Service level
- Operational Level: Operational level
- Underpinning Level: Underpinning level
- Customer Level: Customer level
By Scope
- Service: Specific service
- Customer: Specific customer
- Multi-level: Multiple levels
- Corporate: Corporate
Common Metrics
Availability
- Uptime: Uptime
- Downtime: Downtime
- MTBF: Mean time between failures
- MTTR: Mean time to repair
Performance
- Response Time: Response time
- Throughput: Processing capacity
- Latency: Service latency
- Bandwidth: Bandwidth
Quality
- Error Rate: Error rate
- Success Rate: Success rate
- Quality Score: Quality score
- Customer Satisfaction: Customer satisfaction
Implementation
Phase 1: Negotiation
- Requirements: Define requirements
- Metrics: Select metrics
- Levels: Establish levels
- Consequences: Define consequences
Phase 2: Documentation
- Contract: Document contract
- Procedures: Operational procedures
- Metrics: Define metrics
- Reports: Report structure
Phase 3: Implementation
- Monitoring: Implement monitoring
- Reports: Generate reports
- Review: Review compliance
- Improvement: Continuous improvement
Phase 4: Operation
- Monitoring: Continuous monitoring
- Reports: Regular reports
- Review: SLA review
- Renegotiation: SLA renegotiation
Best Practices
Negotiation
- Realism: Realistic levels
- Measurement: Measurable metrics
- Consequences: Clear consequences
- Flexibility: Flexibility in changes
Monitoring
- Automation: Automate monitoring
- Alerts: Non-compliance alerts
- Reports: Regular reports
- Analysis: Trend analysis
Management
- Communication: Effective communication
- Review: Regular review
- Improvement: Continuous improvement
- Renegotiation: Periodic renegotiation
Related Concepts
- Tickets - System that SLA manages
- CISO - Role that oversees SLA
- Incident Response - Process that SLA regulates
- Security Breaches - Incidents that SLA covers
- SIEM - System that SLA monitors
- SOAR - Automation that SLA manages
- EDR - Tool that SLA monitors
- Firewall - Device that SLA monitors
- Antivirus - Tool that SLA monitors
- Logs - Logs that SLA uses
- Dashboards - SLA visualization
- Metrics - SLA compliance measurement